The concept of "neutrino energy generation" has received theoretical and experimental confirmation

The global trend toward decarbonization was established by the Paris Climate Agreement (2015), in which 180 countries committed to reducing carbon emissions to "net zero" by 2050.

Scientific experiments create a robust scientific foundation and lay the foundation for the transition to clean energy, developing new power generation technologies that contribute to achieving these goals. This is confirmed by a number of breakthrough research and technological advances to date.

Among the latest developments in fuel-free power generation, Neutrinovoltaic is noteworthy—a technology for generating electricity using ambient fields of invisible radiation. This technology was developed by the Neutrino Energy group under the scientific supervision of mathematician Holger Thorsten Schubart. It is worth noting that the scientists relied on the results of theoretical and experimental work published in the public domain during the development of this technology.

Holger Thorsten Schubart, President of the Neutrino Energy Group

Among such fundamental research, the high-precision measurements at the JUNO station in China are noteworthy. Neutrino studies in reactors confirmed the concept of the direct energetic impact of weakly interacting particles on solid materials. The KATRIN experiment in Germany made it possible to accurately determine the mass of neutrinos. The KM3NeT telescope in the Mediterranean Sea detected ultra-high-energy neutrinos. The CONUS+ experiment confirmed the effect of coherent elastic neutrino-nuclear scattering, the first observation of which was made in 2017 by the COHERENT collaboration (CsI[Na] detector at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA).

These achievements confirmed the concept of "neutrino energy generation," which had long remained at the theoretical level. Neutrinovoltaic technology is moving from theoretical research to practical implementation, building on significant scientific discoveries and experimental data. It is based on key advances that demonstrate the feasibility of converting the energy of invisible radiation, such as neutrinos, muons, and electromagnetic fields, into electric current. These discoveries open new horizons for the use of fuel-free space energy.

Based on these advances, mathematician Holger Thorsten Schubart, president of Neutrino Energy Group, has derived a fundamental formula for calculating the power of Neutrinovoltaic generation based on the principles of quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics:

The formula includes:

• Ф_{eff} - effective flow of invisible radiation;

• σ_{eff} - effective interaction cross-section;

• η - energy absorption efficiency;

• Geometry and density of graphene and doped silicon layers;

• Resonant amplification of microvibrations;

• Electron mobility in P-N junctions.

Neutrinovoltaic technology is truly based on scientifically proven effects, not hypothetical assumptions. The fundamental power formula relies on experimental data obtained from research on neutrinos and other types of radiation in recent years. Let's consider how each component of the equation is supported by scientific research:

Formula Components and Their Relationship to Research

η — Overall Conversion Efficiency

Efficiency depends on the properties of the nanomaterials used in the technology. Studies of graphene and doped silicon have shown their high electron mobility and ability to resonate under the influence of external fields. For example, graphene has electron mobility 100 times higher than that of silicon, while doped silicon provides stable conductivity and built-in electric fields. These properties directly influence η, increasing energy conversion efficiency.

V — Effective Volume of Power Generation

The volume of the material directly influences the number of interactions with radiation particles. Studies of multilayer nanostructures have shown that increasing the volume of a composite consisting of graphene and silicon leads to a proportional increase in energy generation. This is due to the additive effect of various types of radiation and microvibrations acting within the material.

Φ_{eff}(r,t) — energy flux density at point r and time t

Data on neutrino fluxes and other types of radiation obtained in experiments allow us to estimate Φ_{eff}. For example, the detection of ultra-high-energy neutrinos (220 PeV) by the KM3NeT telescope in 2023 demonstrates the existence of powerful particle fluxes that can contribute to Φ_{eff}. Furthermore, the JUNO project (2025) provided precise data on neutrino spectra and interactions, which allowed us to refine the flux parameters.

σ_{eff} — effective cross-section of material interaction for particles with energy E

Experimental confirmation of coherent elastic neutrino scattering by nuclei (CEνNS) in 2017 demonstrated that neutrinos are capable of transferring momentum to matter. In July 2025, the CONUS+ experiment achieved the first real measurement of the effect of fully coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) in a nuclear reactor environment. This interaction underlies σ_{eff}, determining the probability and strength of particle interactions with nanomaterials. Research in neutrino physics continues to refine these parameters. The low-energy, environmental conditions of the CONUS+ experiment largely correspond to Neutrinovoltaic use cases. This completely dispels the misconception that neutrino interactions are only possible in the extreme conditions of space and confirms that neutrino momentum transfer can also be useful in everyday settings.

Neutrinos have mass, which determines their ability to convert energy. In April 2025, the German KATRIN experiment confirmed that the upper limit for the neutrino mass is 0.45 eV. This result clearly demonstrates that, despite their extremely small mass (less than one millionth the mass of an electron), neutrinos are not massless particles. The kinetic energy they possess can be precisely measured.

In October 2025, a joint analysis was conducted by the T2K experiment in Japan and the NOvA (NuMI Off-Axis νe Appearance) experiment in the United States. Despite the lack of obvious asymmetry, the collected data expanded our understanding of the energetic properties of neutrinos and provided a theoretical basis for the concept of "superposition of energy from different sources" in a neutrino-voltaic system. In this system, neutrinos in different vibrational states can jointly create a continuous energy flow.

Converting neutrino momentum and energy into electrical energy requires the use of materials with special properties. In recent years, research at leading global scientific institutions in the field of two-dimensional materials and semiconductors has coincided with discoveries in neutrino physics, allowing for a significant increase in the η parameter in the Holger Thorsten Schubart equation.

Research conducted by the Department of Applied Physics at Caltech and the Nanodielectrics Laboratory at the Georgia Institute of Technology demonstrated that a graphene-silicon heterojunction structure can generate a measurable voltage under constant microvibration (simulating neutrino momentum transfer). Meanwhile, the Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS) was able to triple the efficiency of generating this voltage by precisely controlling the silicon doping level.

The synergistic effect of this material system is fully consistent with the integration process described in the Holger Thorsten Schubart master equation. The neutrino momentum is captured by graphene, after which the charge is separated and converted into a controlled current through a silicon-based heterojunction. This allows the theoretical conversion efficiency to be translated into practical engineering parameters. Recent advances in materials science, achieved by 2025, demonstrate the feasibility of industrially producing graphene with atomic precision using chemical vapor deposition. This opens the door to large-scale application of Neutrinovoltaic technology, eliminating previous technical limitations.

The Neutrinovoltaic system maintains its stability through the efficient use of energy from various natural sources. This principle is fully consistent with the laws of thermodynamics and has nothing to do with the concept of a "perpetual motion machine." The energy revolution, driven by advances in fundamental science, has already established a clear technological path and a solid scientific foundation.

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