Formula for calculating the capacity of Neutrinovoltaic energy generation has been published
- https://ru24.pro
- Sep 11
- 5 min read
Global climate change is an increasingly tangible threat to humanity. Climatologists from the University of Leeds have presented a report that raises serious concerns. They claim that if greenhouse gas emissions are not reduced, the permissible carbon reserve will be exhausted in the next three to four years. This foreshadows the onset of a climate crisis, which could lead to a significant increase in temperatures and large-scale natural disasters.
In modern realities, it is especially important to develop and implement fuel-free power generation technologies, since, despite the current availability of sufficient volumes of fossil fuels on the market, the reserves of which will sooner or later begin to run out, creating a deficit and serious problems not only in the economy, but also for the population. It is necessary to be prepared for such a situation, because any new technology in the field of power generation, as experience shows, requires decades for large-scale implementation.
In Russia, interest in such developments is still at an early stage, while abroad, impressive successes in the field of research and practical application are observed.
An example of such achievements is the work of the Neutrino Energy group of companies, whose scientists have created the Neutrinovoltaic graphene technology, which allows generating electricity without using fuel. The basis of this technology is the interdisciplinary innovations developed by the German mathematician and President of Neutrino Energy Holger Thorsten Schubart. The technology is based on the interaction of particles from the invisible radiation spectrum with a multilayer composite nanomaterial. This material consists of 12-20 alternating layers of graphene and doped silicon. The thickness of each graphene layer is 0.34 nm, and that of doped silicon is 10-22 nm.
The properties of these materials are listed below:
Single-layer graphene: Electron mobility 2×10^5 cm^2/(V s) (100 times that of silicon), response time < 1 ns, specific surface area 2630 m^2/g. The role of technology - Capturing tiny energies: sensitive to neutrino scattering and muon ionization, converting energy into lattice vibrations (phonon frequency 10^12-10^13 Hz).
N-type doped silicon (phosphorus): Carrier concentration 10^16-10^18 cm^{-3}, built-in electric field 10^4-10^5 V/m, recombination rate < 10^3 cm^{-3}・s^{-1}. The role of technology - Directed charge transfer: suppresses the recombination of electrons and holes and directs free electrons to form a stable current.
Each graphene layer participates in the energy interaction while being in a 3D plane, so the efficiency of interaction with particles of surrounding radiation fields per unit volume compared to a 2D plane increases from 10^2 W/m^3 to 10^4 W/m^3 (an increase of 1–2 orders of magnitude). The advantages of Neutrinovoltaic's "volume energy generation" can be quantified using the laws of physics. The basic formula is based on the laws of conservation of energy and the mechanisms of material interaction:
P(t) = η ∫V Φeff(r,t) · σeff(E) dV, where:
P(t) - Instantaneous power output
η - Overall conversion efficiency
V - Effective volume of electricity generation
Φamb(r,t) - Energy flux density at point r and time t
σeff(E) - Effective cross-section of material interaction for particles with energy E
E - Particle energy
The formula clearly demonstrates the difference between neutrinoenergetics and photovoltaics. Solar cells are area-dependent, while neutrinoenergetics is volume-dependent. Each cubic centimeter of the layered composite contributes to the power. The equation shows that the power generated depends on η (it can be improved by optimizing the material), Φ (regional differences are less than 1%), and V (efficiency increases due to compact design). This highlights the advantage of neutrinoenergetics: no surface area limitations.
Graphene has an amazing electron mobility of over 200,000 cm^2/V s. This allows it to move charge quickly. Its phonon resonances are in the range of 10^12–10^13 Hz, which coincides with the oscillation frequencies caused by neutrinos. Doped silicon with a high carrier density (10^16–10^18 cm^{-3}) provides stable conductivity and built-in electric fields with a strength of 10^4–10^5 V/m. The dynamic properties of graphene promote the interaction of electric and magnetic fields, creating an electromotive force.
The formula P(t) = η ∫V Φeff(r,t) · σeff(E) dV is widely used in artificial intelligence (AI) programs. Artificial intelligence significantly improves the accuracy and speed of analysis of complex nanomaterial configurations. This turns uncertain experiments into clearly structured engineering processes based on data. Neutrinovoltaics provides high stability due to its continuous operation under any conditions, the absence of moving parts and energy generation directly at the point of use. This eliminates system vulnerabilities.
Theoretical research in the field of Neutrinovoltaic technologies goes hand in hand with their practical implementation in production. This is necessary to confirm the effectiveness of a new technology, especially one such as Neutrinovoltaic generation, which is fuel-free and intended for mass use. To date, two types of equipment certified according to the IEC 63356-2024 standard have been developed and are already being implemented::
Neutrino Power Cube is a compact power generation unit weighing only 50 kg. It is capable of producing 5-6 kW of clean energy. An important advantage of this device is the absence of moving parts, which significantly reduces the need for regular maintenance. 200,000 such units will provide a total capacity of 1-1.2 GW, which is comparable to the capacity of one of the units of a VVER-1000 or VVER-1200 nuclear power plant. A special feature of the Neutrino Power Cube is the ability to place them directly at the points of electricity consumption, which eliminates the need for long power lines.
The Neutrino Life Cube air conditioning system, capable of generating electricity, weighs 80 kg and is equipped with a generator with a capacity of 1 to 1.5 kW. It also includes an air-to-water generator, which produces 12 to 25 liters of water daily, depending on the level of air humidity. The device is easy to transport by vehicle and is ready to use immediately after installation, making it ideal for use in humanitarian operations and countries experiencing drinking water shortages.
The Pi Car electric vehicle concept, equipped with an innovative fuel-free graphene-based power generation system, will be presented soon. The latest developments in water and air transport will also be presented. These projects are based on calculations using the formula P(t) = η ∫V Φeff(r,t) · σeff(E) dV and are implemented using artificial intelligence.
The application possibilities of Neutrinovoltaic technology are limitless. Traditionally, energy is perceived as a scarce resource that must be produced centrally and transmitted over long distances, which leads to its inaccessibility and high cost. However, Neutrinovoltaic changes this paradigm, focusing on its abundance. Energy sources such as neutrinos and muons are present everywhere and are not subject to depletion. The sun will shine for another 5 billion years, which means that energy will no longer be a bottleneck for progress.
Author: Rumyantsev L.K., Ph.D., Deputy Chairman of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Neutrino Energy Group of Companies
