Neutrinovoltaic Technology: How to Transform the "Background Energy Sea" into an Energy Source

In the context of global confrontation, economic efficiency comes to the forefront, which is especially critical for a geographically vast country like Russia. Its vastness means long distances for energy and heat transmission, resulting in significant losses. Efficiency here depends on reducing these losses, developing local generation (including renewable energy sources where economically feasible), and sound tariff regulation.

Despite Russia's significant fossil fuel reserves, they are not limitless. Therefore, the development and implementation of cutting-edge innovative technologies for generating electricity without the use of fuel is essential for ensuring the country's independence and guaranteeing its stable economic growth in the medium term.

In this regard, the Neutrinovoltaic technology, developed by an international team of scientists under the scientific supervision of Holger Thorsten Schubart, a doctor of economics and mathematician who also heads the Neutrino Energy group of companies, is noteworthy. It is worth noting that Russian specialists are also involved in the work.

Neutrinovoltaic technology converts the universe's ever-present "sea of ​​energy"—neutrinos, cosmic muons, ambient electromagnetic fields, and thermal fluctuations—into usable electrical energy. This is achieved using a high-precision system composed of nanomaterials. The technology requires no sunlight, wind, or fuel and is unaffected by time of day or weather conditions. It complies with the laws of physics. By optimizing the material's structure, energy initially perceived as "noise" is converted into targeted electrical energy.

In their justification for the technology's viability, the developers drew on established scientific achievements. These included the confirmation of the neutrino mass, for which the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded in 2015. They also cited the first observation of coherent elastic neutrino scattering by nuclei (CEvNS), which occurred at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in 2017. They also cited the successful creation of graphene in 2004 and studies of the behavior of the Dirac liquid, which exhibits the properties of a nearly ideal liquid, published in the journal Nature Physics in 2026. Advances in particle physics, condensed matter physics, and materials science were combined within the unified mathematical framework of Neutrinovoltaic technology.

For many years, breakthroughs in different scientific fields remained isolated from one another, lacking a common theoretical framework to integrate them into a unified energy conversion system. This connecting role is played by the Schubart formula—a mathematical framework developed by Holger Thorsten Schubart, scientific director and president of the Neutrino Energy group, for nearly two decades. It serves as the foundation that allows for the integration of disparate achievements into a coherent technological system. The Schubart formula, derived by mathematician Holger Thorsten Schubart based on the principles of quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics, is the key bridge connecting the action of microscopic particles and the release of macroscopic energy:

The formula takes into account:

• Ф_{eff} - effective flow of invisible radiation;

• σ_{eff} - effective interaction cross-section;

• η - energy absorption efficiency;

• Geometry and density of graphene and doped silicon layers;

• Resonant amplification of microvibrations;

• Electron mobility in P-N junctions.

The equation does not specify the output power, but rather establishes its limits. The power calculation is based on a combination of several parameters: interaction flux, coupling cross-section, active material volume, and overall conversion efficiency—the latter of which inevitably remains below unity. The equation structure does not include a term that could provide spontaneous energy amplification. The technology considers only those contributions that can be measured and quantified; uncertain or uncontrollable components are not taken into account. Due to this, Neutrinovoltaic technology does not conflict with the law of conservation of energy and operates strictly within its framework. Continuous energy generation is determined by the stability of input signals over time, not their absolute magnitude.

Energy is supplied through multiple channels—this cannot be explained by the action of a single neutrino.

The common misconception that Neutrinovoltaic's operating principle is based solely on neutrino energy is erroneous. In practice, the device is designed to transform the entire ambient background energy field, in which neutrinos are the dominant component. According to the 2026 program document of the Neutrino Energy group of companies, four energy channels have been identified for efficient flux capture:

The core of this energy channel is the neutrino flux (Φ𝜈), which combines solar, atmospheric, and geological neutrinos. The key interaction mechanism is coherent elastic scattering of neutrinos by nuclei (CEνNS), which forms a stable baseline energy contribution. The intensity of the solar neutrino flux at the Earth's surface exceeds 10^10 particles per square centimeter per second.

Cosmic muon flux (Φᵤ). The flux at sea level is approximately 10^2 m^{-2} s^{-1}, contributing energy through ionization and Cherenkov radiation. The energy of an individual particle is much higher than that of a neutrino.

Ambient electromagnetic radiation (ΦEM) includes thermal radiation, terahertz background, and ambient electromagnetic noise, which are captured through plasmonic coupling and antenna effects.

Thermal fluctuations and phonon background (ΦtH). Thermal lattice vibrations and Brownian motion corresponding to the ambient temperature are converted into a directional current through nonequilibrium rectification. In graphene and other two-dimensional materials, phonons and electron-phonon interactions play a significant role in transport. Asymmetric graphene-based nanostructures can serve as the basis for thermoelectric or fluctuation rectifiers.

Concept of multichannel scattered energy harvesting

Together, these four energy sources form a constant, stable, and globally encompassing "background energy sea." The "background energy sea" is a collection of weak but ubiquitous energy sources.

Individually, their energy density is negligible, but together they form a virtually ubiquitous "background." The idea is not to look for a strong source, but to collect small amounts from many channels at once. Experiments at the Munich Quantum Center show that the synergistic effect of multiple particles can increase the conversion efficiency by approximately 18%. The deviation from theoretical calculations is less than 3%. This is a good indicator: it indicates that the model adequately describes the physics of the process. Possible mechanisms for this amplification include:

• Coherent signal summation: If the oscillation phases are matched, the amplitudes are added together rather than averaged.

• Resonance effects: Nanomaterials can be designed to resonate at multiple frequencies/excitation types simultaneously.

• Nonlinear interactions: In nonlinear media, weak signals can "help" each other generate a useful response (e.g., rectification or harmonic generation).

• Collective modes: In ordered graphene structures, excitation propagates as the collective motion of many particles, rather than as independent events.

Why coherence and nanomaterials are important

Coherence is consistency in phase and time. If signals arrive chaotically, they average to zero. If a system is capable of maintaining or creating coherence (through structure, geometry, or control), then weak contributions combine constructively.

Nanomaterials are needed because quantum and mesoscopic effects manifest themselves at the nanoscale: resonant cavities, surface plasmons, asymmetric potentials (for nonequilibrium rectification), high contact areas, etc. In graphene, for example, collective transport properties (similar to a "near-ideal Dirac liquid") enable efficient energy and momentum transfer. In such systems, the relationship between heat and electricity is different from that in conventional metals, and this opens up new avenues for energy conversion.

Conclusion

Given global instability and the need to ensure economic sustainability for a country as vast as Russia, improving energy efficiency and developing indigenous technological solutions is particularly important. Significant losses during long-distance energy transmission, limited fossil resources, and the need for stable power generation make the search for alternative approaches to electricity generation critical.

Neutrinovoltaic technology, being developed by an international team of scientists with the participation of Russian specialists, offers a fundamentally different approach to energy generation—not through the concentration of powerful sources, but through the systematic collection of dispersed background energy from multiple channels. It is based on the idea of ​​an "energy sea": the combined flux of neutrinos, cosmic muons, electromagnetic background, and thermal fluctuations. Neutrinos are not the only, but the dominant component in the multi-channel conversion system.

A key advantage of the technology is its independence from weather conditions, time of day, and geographic location—it can generate energy where traditional renewable sources (solar and wind) are ineffective or impossible. The use of nanomaterials, including graphene-based structures, enables coherent signal summation, resonant and nonlinear effects, and collective transport modes, resulting in a synergistic increase in conversion efficiency—experimental data show a roughly 18% increase, with high agreement with theoretical calculations (deviation less than 3%).

Combining results from particle physics, condensed matter physics, and materials science into a single mathematical and technological framework demonstrates the potential of an interdisciplinary approach to solving energy problems.

From a practical perspective, this technology could become a significant element of decentralized energy, especially in remote and hard-to-reach regions of Russia, where centralized energy supply is expensive. It opens up prospects for autonomous power supply for sensors, IoT devices, distributed sensor networks, and other systems requiring a stable, albeit relatively small, energy flow.

Thus, the Neutrinovoltaic approach is not just another innovation, but a potentially important step toward creating a more resilient, distributed, and independent energy system. For Russia, with its size and climatic diversity, the development and adaptation of such technologies could make a significant contribution to ensuring long-term energy security and economic sovereignty.

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