Graphene power generation – achievements and prospects for widespread implementation

Issues related to the development of energy are becoming key for countries both importing and exporting hydrocarbon raw materials; armed conflicts in the world mainly arise due to the desire to control hydrocarbon deposits.

The loss of the priority role of hydrocarbon raw materials will inevitably lead to a decrease in tension in the international situation, but will simultaneously force the largest countries whose economies largely depend on the sale of hydrocarbons to undergo serious reforms. Russia is one of these countries. A study by experts from the Energy Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IER RAS) indicates that the country's economy will lose 40% of fuel exports in the next 25 years, and revenues from them will decrease by 2.8 times. And this will be a serious challenge for the Russian economy.

However, the energy sector is a huge industrial complex. The transition to alternative technologies in the field of power generation and the production of the necessary equipment can bring significant economic benefits to the state and strengthen its position on the world stage in the medium term.

First of all, we are talking about the development of clusters based on fuel-free power generation. These include, of course, solar energy and wind power.

On April 25, 1954, Bell Laboratories announced the creation of the first silicon-based solar batteries for producing electric current. The first wind turbine generating electricity was demonstrated by the Austrian Josef Friedlander at the Vienna International Electrotechnical Exhibition in 1883.

Despite the fact that a lot of time has passed since the invention of these power generation technologies until their widespread use, the problem of the dependence of power generation capacity on weather conditions remains unresolved. In addition, there is a problem of equipment reliability, which leads to significant losses and the reluctance of large energy holdings, such as Shell, to invest in "green" energy.

The increased competition in the global energy market and the struggle of the largest companies for control over energy flows have caused a growing interest in alternative energy developments that are not related to fossil fuels. This gives a chance for their rapid implementation, without having to wait decades.

In the last 10-15 years, a significant breakthrough has been made in studying the possibility of using two-dimensional materials for electricity generation. During the research, it was discovered that the most promising material for this purpose is graphene - a form of carbon with unique mechanical and electronic properties that are radically different from the properties of three-dimensional graphite. The emergence of graphene opened up a completely new category of materials, changing the physics of solids.

During the research, one of the important properties of graphene was revealed - its ability to convert the energy of particles of invisible radiation fields into electric current due to such a unique property as "graphene waves".

"Without the micro-oscillations of graphene atoms, there would be no graphene wave, which means we would not be able to convert the energy of matter wave particles into electric current," emphasized Holger Thorsten Schubart, President of Neutrino Energy Group.

Holger Thorsten Schubart, President of Neutrino Energy Group

Neutrino Energy Group is an international leader in the use of bilayer materials for fuel-free power generation. Thanks to research and technological developments in this area, the company is significantly ahead of its competitors and has quickly begun industrial implementation of its scientific achievements. To do this, it attracted large companies with experience and technical capabilities for the licensed production of equipment for fuel-free power generation for various purposes.

The choice of graphene for creating a nanomaterial-energy converter is due to its unique properties, relatively low cost and availability on the market. At the same time, graphene prices are falling. In graphene, each atom is linked to three other carbon atoms in a two-dimensional plane, and one electron remains free for electron conduction in the third dimension, creating an excess of electrons in the material.

“The dynamic behavior of graphene is a process necessary for generating electric current due to the interaction of electric and magnetic fields. That is, the process of power generation is regulated by the standard model in physics,” says Holger Thorsten Schubart.

Innovative material for converting radiation field energy

Scientists at Neutrino Energy Group have developed a unique material that converts the energy of radiation field particles into electric current. This material is a semiconductor sandwich of graphene and doped silicon. The volume fraction of graphene in it is from 50% to 75%.

To understand the processes underlying this technology, additional fundamental research is needed. They are being conducted by Neutrino Energy Group at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), as well as under an agreement with the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology.

Features of Neutrinovoltaic technology

The creators of the technology emphasize that the generation of electric current is affected not only by the flow of neutrinos, which have mass, as it might seem based on the name of the technology. Other energy fields and the thermal motion of graphene atoms (Brownian motion) are also important factors. Perhaps there is another mechanism that leads to energy generation.

Neutrino: new discoveries and research

A neutrino is an elementary particle that has no electric charge and very little mass. Until recently, it was believed that neutrinos have no mass and do not interact with matter. However, now no one denies the presence of mass in neutrinos and the effect of their interaction with the nuclei of atoms of matter (elastic scattering).

A group of scientists from the Physics Department of Moscow State University led by Professor A.I. Studenikin has been studying the electromagnetic properties of neutrinos since 1992. They believe that the presence of mass indicates the presence of non-zero electromagnetic properties of neutrinos.

Professor A.I. Studenikin suggests that the electromagnetic properties of massive neutrinos can appear both in the processes of their interaction with matter and in the processes of neutrino oscillations in external fields. However, to date, no unambiguous results have been obtained on non-zero electromagnetic characteristics of neutrinos from laboratory experiments with neutrino fluxes from ground-based sources and astrophysical observations.

Nevertheless, due to the presence of a charge radius in neutrinos, the first observation of neutrino participation in electromagnetic interactions can be expected in the near future. If the existence of an electromagnetic characteristic of a neutrino is proven, its magnetic moment will also be measured.

In addition to possible neutrino electromagnetic properties, a search is underway for an electric millicharge, a dipole electric moment, and anapole moment of a neutrino.

“Today, one of the most developed tools for searching for electromagnetic properties of neutrinos is measuring the elastic scattering of neutrinos on electrons and nuclei,” writes Professor A.I. Studenikin in his works.

Application of artificial intelligence in the development of graphene power generation

Holger Thorsten Schubart, President of Neutrino Energy Group, notes that conducting scientific research and creating a theoretical model of the processes occurring in graphene films is one of the important tasks. He also emphasizes that the use of artificial intelligence will help find the best options for the development of graphene power generation.

“The countries that are the first to begin industrial production of fuel-free graphene power generation equipment that generates electricity 24 hours a day in basic mode will undoubtedly have a technological advantage in the technological race,” notes Holger Thorsten Schubart.

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